Clik here to view.
How Pressure Switch Works ?
What is a Pressure Switch ?A pressure switch turns an electric circuit on or off at a preset pressure.This pressure is referred to as the setpoint of the switch. A bourdon tube,a diaphragm, or a...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Basics of Load Cell
What is a Load Cell?Load cell is a device that converts force in to an electrical signal.A load sensor is a sensor or a transducer that converts a load or force acting on it into an electronic...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Basics of Conductivity Measurement
Introduction to Conductivity Measurement The term Conductance refers to the readiness of materials to carry an electric current. Liquids which carry an electric current are generally referred to as...
View ArticleClik here to view.
What is Pirani Gauge ? Advantages,Disadvantages and Application of Pirani Gauge
Pirani GaugePirani gauge is a device used to measure low vacuum in a pressure range from 0.5 Torr to 10−4 Torr.Working Principle and Construction of Pirani gauge Pirani gauge consist of two tungsten...
View ArticleClik here to view.
What is Thermocouple Gauge ?
Thermocouple Gauge Thermocouple gauge is a device used to measure low vacuum.Working of a Thermocouple GaugeIn Thermocouple Gauge a filament is heated by passing constant current through it.When gas...
View ArticleClik here to view.
DOL (Direct Online) Starter Working Animation
ELECTRICAL MOTOR DOL STARTER WORKING - ANIMATIONFollowing States of DOL operation are shown in the animation1.Starter at normal operation2.Starting3.Motor at overload condition4.Normal Running5.StopDOL...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Direct Acting Solenoid - How it works? Applications
What is Direct Acting ?Direct acting means that valves uses a power supply to open and close.Power is transformed into magnetic force,in a plunger type valve,forces a plunger to move and open or close...
View ArticleClik here to view.
What is Solenoid Valve ? How it works?
What is Solenoid Valve ? How it works ? AnimationA solenoid is an electrical coil.When a battery is connected to the coil,a magnetic field is created.And pull the plunger or armature back.This opens...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Pressure Switch Calibration Procedure
How to do Pressure Switch Calibration [Step by Step Procedure]Prerequisites 1.Safety First -Please follow appropriate safety procedures as required by your company for the pressure range.-Know the...
View ArticleClik here to view.
How to do Temperature Switch Calibration ?
Temperature Switch Calibration (Step by Step By Procedure )Following Precautions needs to be taken-Use appropriate PPE. Isolate Temperature Switch from process.Equipment required for Temperature...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Simple Explanation of Construction and Working of LVDT
LVDT - Linear Variable Differential TransformerLVDT is a passive transducer which measures displacement. Construction and Working of LVDT.LVDT consist of a single primary winding and two secondary...
View ArticleClik here to view.
How to do pH Electrode Calibration ?
Calibration Procedure - pH electrode Select two buffers that bracket the expected sample pH. More buffers can be used for greater accuracy over a wider pH range. For best accuracy, use buffers that are...
View ArticleAnalytical Instrumentation - Terminology and Basics
Absolute Pressure– A quantity of pressure measured with respect to total vacuum. Equal to the sum of a pressure gauge reading and atmospheric pressure (14.69 psia or 1.01 bar at sea level)....
View ArticleClik here to view.
Control Valve - How it works ? Components of Control Valve
Control Valve BasicsA control valve is simply a variable orifice that is used to regulate the flow of a process fluid according to the requirement of the process. They can throttle flow over a range of...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Displacement Measurement - Optical Encoder
Optical Encoder - Fundamentals The most popular type of encoder is the optical encoder, which consists of a rotating disk, a light source, and a photodetector (light sensor). The disk, which is mounted...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Displacement Measurement - Magnetic Encoder
Magnetic Encoder FundamentalsA magnetic encoder consists of a rotating gear made of ferrous metal and a magnetic pick-up that contains a permanent magnet and the sensing element.The gear, which is...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Displacement Measurement - Quadrature Encoder
Quadrature Encoder Fundamentals :The most common type of incremental encoder uses two output channels (A and B) to sense position. Using two code tracks with sectors positioned 90 degrees out of phase,...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Displacement Measurement - Accelerometer
Acceleration :Accelerometers measure acceleration, vibration, and shock. An accelerometer involves the mounting of a seismic mass attached to a damper and a spring inside a solid casing.Add captionThe...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Position Transducer - Displacement Measurement
How Position Transducers WorkPosition transducers convert mechanical motion into an electrical signal that may be metered, recorded, or transmitted. Position transducers consist of a stainless steel...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Dissolved Oxygen Measurement
Dissolved Oxygen Measurement One of the most important measurements in the determination of the health of a body of water is its dissolved oxygen content. The quantity of dissolved oxygen in water is...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Introduction To Vibration Measurement
Measurement TypeOnly measurements of the same type can be compared. Bearing Cap or Case Vibration cannot be directly compared to Shaft Relative or Shaft Absolute and visa versa.1). Case Absolute Case...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Vibration Measurement - Accelerometer
AccelerometerAccelerometers are a piezo-electronic (crystal) device. A pre- loaded crystal is charged with current and as the crystal is compressed or de-compressed by vibration an output proportional...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Introduction to DCS (Distributed Control System )
What is Distributed Control System ?There are many definitions of distributed control, but the basic concept is always the same: divide a large application into multiple smaller subsystems, each of...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Radiation Pyrometer - Temperature Measurement
What is Infrared ?Infrared (IR) portion of the spectrum spans Wavelengths between 0. 7 t 1000 microns. Based on the principle that all objects warmer than absolute zero ( 0 ° K) emit...
View ArticleClik here to view.
Optical Pyrometer - Temperature Measurement
Optical Pyrometer An optical pyrometer will measure temperature from a distance.Optical pyrometer is a filament that has its power supply and as you adjust the resistance the on it the color will...
View Article